ABSTRACT. As the fourth largest importer of olive oil and the fifth largest importer of olives, Brazil is one of the largest importers of olive (Olea europaea L.) products in the world. In recent decades, the introduction and growth of olive cultivars with lower chilling requirements in the south and southeast regions of Brazil have made olive production viable in the country. However, there is a dearth of information about the management of olive crops in Brazil, especially in relation to studies about the nutritional needs of olive trees grown in subtropical regions, which may enable advances in the productivity of this fruit. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth, dry matter production and nutritional status of the olive tree under the effect of nutrient omissions, as well as to establish visual diagnostic parameters of nutrient deficiencies. We used a completely randomized design with ten treatments and three replicates grown in the Hoagland-Arnon nutrient solution and solutions with individual omissions of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, and Zn. The treatments that most limited the growth of olive trees were the N, Ca, and B omission treatments.

RESUMO As áreas produtivas com amoreira-preta vêm se ampliando nas regiões subtropicais brasileiras, mas ainda há necessidade de se aprimorar o manejo cultural, principalmente no tocante às suas necessidades nutricionais, bem como estabelecer parâmetros de diagnose visual de deficiência, o que possibilitaria alcançar maiores produtividades. Objetivou-se avaliar a deficiência visual e a composição mineral de amoreirapreta sob o efeito da omissão de nutrientes. O experimento foi desenvolvido em delineamento em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com nove tratamentos e três repetições, que corresponderam ao cultivo em solução nutritiva de Hoagland & Arnon completa e solução com omissão individual de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe e B. Avaliou-se a produção de matéria seca e composição química da parte aérea e sistema radicular, bem como a diagnose visual.As deficiências dos nutrientes nas mudas de amoreira-preta se traduziram por sintomas típicos, enquanto, no tratamento sem restrição de nutrientes, os teores nutricionais obtidos respectivamente nas folhas e raízes foram N = 11,4 g kg-1 e 16,1 g kg-1; P = 1,3 g kg-1 e 4,2 g kg-1; K = 9,8 g kg-1 e 13,2 g kg-1; Ca = 5,7 g kg-1e 9,8 g kg-1; Mg = 2,3 g kg-1e 2,6 g kg-1; S = 1,4 g kg-1 e 2,7 g kg-1; B = 37,8 mg kg-1 e 18,9 mg kg-1; Fe = 119,9 mg kg-1 e 1.603,9 mg kg-1. As omissões individuais de N, Ca e B foram as mais limitantes para o crescimento vegetativo dessa espécie.

ABSTRACT The areas planted with blackberry trees have expanded in Brazilian subtropical regions, but is still necessary to improve the crop management, especially regarding its nutritional needs, as well as establishing parameters of visual diagnosis of deficiency, what would allow to achieve higher yields. This study aimed to evaluate the visual deficiency and mineral composition of blackberry tree under omission effect of nutrients. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with nine treatments and three replications, corresponding to the cultivation in a complete Hoagland & Arnon’s nutritive solution and in a solution with individual omission of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe and B. The dry matter and chemical composition of shoot and root were evaluated, as well as the visual diagnosis. The nutrient deficiencies in seedlings of blackberry trees were pointed out by typical symptoms, while in the treatment with no nutrients restriction the nutritional contents found respectively in the leaves and roots were N = 11.4 g kg-1 and 16.1 g kg-1; P = 1.3 g kg-1 and 4.2 g kg-1; K = 9.8 g kg-1 and 13.2 g kg-1; Ca = 5.7 g kg-1 and 9.8 g kg-1; Mg = 2.3 g kg-1 and 2.6 g kg-1; S = 1.4 g kg-1 and 2.7 g kg-1; B = 37.8 mg kg-1 and 18.9 mg kg-1; Fe = 119.9 mg kg-1 and 1,603.9 mg kg-1. Individual omissions of N, Ca and B were the most limiting ones for the vegetative growth of this species.

To apply high amounts of K to the soil there must be adequate quantities of Mg, thus avoiding the rise of physiological disorders in the banana plant which appear as Mg-induced deficiency symptoms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of application of K and Mg on the vegetative development and yield of the banana cv. "Prata Anã'. Treatments were distributed in a randomized block design in a 3 x 5 factorial arrangement, corresponding to three doses of potassium (0, 800 and 1200 kg ha-1 year-1) and five doses of magnesium (0, 60, 120, 240 and 480 kg ha-1 year-1), with three replicates. The sources of potassium and magnesium were potassium chloride and magnesium sulfate, respectively. Application of K, regardless of the cycle, increased the bunch weight, the number of banana fruits per bunch, the number of hands per bunch, and the weight and diameter of the middle fruit of the banana plant. Increasing doses of Mg applied to the soil reduced the weight of the bunch in the first cycle; and with increasing doses of K there was an increase in the leaf content of K and Ca, with a decrease in the leaf content of Mg and B in the banana cv. 'Prata Anã'.

Para que sean aplicadas grandes cantidades de K en el suelo, hay necesidad que los niveles de Mg sean adecuados en lo mismo, evitando así la aparición de desórdenes fisiológicos en el banano, expresado en los síntomas de deficiencia inducida de Mg. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la aplicación de K y Mg en el desarrollo y la productividad del banano'Prata Anã'. Los tratamientos se dispusieron en un diseño de bloques al azar con un factorial 3 x 5, que corresponden a tres niveles de potasio (0, 800 y 1200 kg ha-1 año-1) y cinco dosis de magnesio (0, 60, 120, 240 y 480 kg ha-1 año-1), con tres repeticiones. Las fuentes de potasio y magnesio fueron, respectivamente, cloruro de potasio y sulfato de magnesio. La aplicación de K, independiente del ciclo, aumentó el peso del racimo, número de frutos por racimo, el número de manos por racimo, la masa y el diámetro del fruto central de la banana. Dosis crecientes de Mg aplicadas al suelo reducen la masa del racimo en el primer ciclo. Con el incremento de las dosis de K hubo un aumento en K y Ca foliar, con una reducción en Mg y B foliar del banano 'Prata Anã'.